弦论(第1卷)JosephPolchinski世界图书出版公司【现货实拍 可开发票 下单速发 正版图书】 snb txt 网盘 pdf kindle 2025 lit 下载

　　WhenIfirstdecidedtowriteabookonstringtheory，morethantenyearsago，mymemoriesofmystudentyearsweremuchmorevividthantheyaretoday.Still，Irememberthatoneofthegreatestpleasureswasfindingatextthatmadeadifficultsubjectaccessible，andIhopedtoprovidethesameforstringtheory.

Thus，myfirstpurposewastogiveacoherentintroductiontostringtheory，basedonthePolyakovpathintegralandconformalfieldtheory.Nopreviousknowledgeofstringtheoryisassumed.Idoassumethatthereaderisfamiliarwiththecentralideasofgeneralrelativity，suchasmetricsandcurvature，andwiththeideasofquantumfieldtheorythroughnon-Abeliangaugesymmetry.Originallyafullcourseofquantumfieldtheorywasassumedasaprerequisite，butitbecameclearthatmanystudentswereeagertolearnstringtheoryassoonaspossible，andthatothershadtakencoursesonquantumfieldtheorythatdidnotemphasizethetoolsneededforstringtheory.Ihavethereforetriedtogiveaself-containedintroductiontothosetools.

Asecondpurposewastoshowhowsomeofthesimplestfour-dimensionalstringtheoriesconnectwithpreviousideasforunifyingtheStandardModel，andtocollectgeneralresultsonthephysicsoffour-dimensionalstringtheoriesasderivedfromworld-sheetandspacetimesymmetries.Newdevelopmentshaveledtoathirdgoal，whichistointro-ducetherecentdiscoveriesconcerningstringduality，M-theory，D-branes，andblackholeentropy.

本书为英文版。

Foreword

Preface

Notation

1Afirstlookatstrings

1.1Whystrings?

1.2Actionprinciples

1.3Theopenstringspectrum

1.4Closedandunorientedstrings

Exercises

2Conformalfieldtheory

2.1Masslessscalarsintwodimensions

2.2Theoperatorproductexpansion

2.3WardidentitiesandNoetherstheorem

2.4Conformalinvariance

2.5FreeCFTs

2.6TheVirasoroalgebra

2.7Modeexpansions

2.8Vertexoperators

2.9Moreonstatesandoperators

Exercises

3Thepolyakovpathintegral

3.1Sumsoverworld-sheets

3.2ThePolyakovpathingegral

3.3Gaugefixing

3.4TheWeylanomaly

3.5Scatteringamplitudes

3.6Vertexoperators

3.7Stringsincurvedspacetime

Exercises

4Thestringspectrum

4.1Oldcovariantquantization

4.2BRSTquantization

4.3BRSTquantizationofthestring

4.4Theno-ghosttheorem

Exercises

5ThestringS-matrix

5.1Thecircleandthetorus

5.2ModuliandRiemannsurfaces

5.3Themeasureformoduli

5.4Moreaboutthemeasure

Exercises

6Tree-levelamplitudes

7One-loopamplitudes

8ToroidalcompactificationandT-duality

AppendxA:Ashortcourseonpathintegrals

References

Glossary

Index

　　JosephPolchinskireceivedhisPh.D.fromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeleyin1980.AfterpostdoctoralfellowshipsattheStanfordLinearAcceleratorCenterandHarvard,heJoinedthefacultyattheUniversityofTexasatAustinin1984,movingtohispresentpositionofProfessorofPhysicsattheUniversityofCalifronaatSantabarbara,andPermanentMemberoftheInstituteforTheoreticalPhysics,in1992.

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书籍介绍

When I first decided to write a book on string theory, more than ten years ago, my memories of my student years were much more vivid than they are today. Still, I remember that one of the greatest pleasures was finding a text that made a difficult subject accessible, and I hoped to provide the same for string theory.

Thus, my first purpose was to give a coherent introduction to string theory, based on the Polyakov path integral and conformal field theory. No previous knowledge of string theory is assumed. I do assume that the reader is familiar with the central ideas of general relativity, such as metrics and curvature, and with the ideas of quantum field theory through non- Abelian gauge symmetry. Originally a full course of quantum field theory was assumed as a prerequisite, but it became clear that many students were eager to learn string theory as soon as possible, and that others had taken courses on quantum field theory that did not emphasize the tools needed for string theory. I have therefore tried to give a self-contained introduction to those tools.

A second purpose was to show how some of the simplest four- dimensional string theories connect with previous ideas for unifying the Standard Model, and to collect general results on the physics of four- dimensional string theories as derived from world-sheet and spacetime symmetries. New developments have led to a third goal, which is to intro- duce the recent discoveries concerning string duality, M-theory, D-branes, and black hole entropy.

　　本书为英文版。